1: Although, it is not mentioned in Turkic as the Türk El, Mähmud äl-Käşğäri, in his Compendium of the Languages of the Turks, repeatedly refers to the region as the "country of the Turks" in Arabic. Thus, it is likely that the name was directly taken from the Türük El, a late antique state previously ruled and founded by the Aşıŋa clan.

2: Their imperial title, qaraxan, is from Turkic *qɑrɑː "black; dark" and *[h]ɑqɑːn "khan of khans."